Gallstones

Gallstones are small, pebble-like substances that develop in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped sac located below your liver in the right upper abdomen. Gallstones form when liquid stored in the gallbladder hardens into pieces of stone-like material. The liquid—called bile—helps the body digest fats. Bile is made in the liver, then stored in the gallbladder until the body needs it. The gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile into a tube—called the common bile duct—that carries it to the small intestine, where it helps with digestion.


Bile contains water, cholesterol, fats, bile salts, proteins, and bilirubin—a waste product. Bile salts break up fat, and bilirubin gives bile and stool a yellowish-brown color. If the liquid bile contains too much cholesterol, bile salts, or bilirubin, it can harden into gallstones.


Types of Gallstones:
The two types of gallstones are cholesterol stones and pigment stones. Cholesterol stones are usually yellow-green and are made primarily of hardened cholesterol. They account for about 80 percent of gallstones. Pigment stones are small, dark stones made of bilirubin. Gallstones can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball. The gallbladder can develop just one large stone, hundreds of tiny stones,

Gallstones can block the normal flow of bile if they move from the gallbladder and lodge in any of the ducts that carry bile from the liver to the small intestine. The ducts include the
hepatic ducts, which carry bile out of the liver
cystic duct, which takes bile to and from the gallbladder
common bile duct, which takes bile from the cystic and hepatic ducts to the small intestine
Bile trapped in these ducts can cause inflammation in the gallbladder, the ducts, or in rare cases, the liver. Other ducts open into the common bile duct, including the pancreatic duct, which carries digestive enzymes out of the pancreas. Sometimes gallstones passing through the common bile duct provoke inflammation in the pancreas—called gallstone pancreatitis—an extremely painful and potentially dangerous condition.
If any of the bile ducts remain blocked for a significant period of time, severe damage or infection can occur in the gallbladder, liver, or pancreas. Left untreated, the condition can be fatal. Warning signs of a serious problem are fever, jaundice, and persistent pain.

Causes Gallstones:
Scientists believe cholesterol stones form when bile contains too much cholesterol, too much bilirubin, or not enough bile salts, or when the gallbladder does not empty completely or often enough. The reason these imbalances occur is not known.
        The cause of pigment stones is not fully understood. The stones tend to develop in people who have liver cirrhosis, biliary tract infections, or hereditary blood disorders—such as sickle cell anemia—in which the liver makes too much bilirubin.
       The mere presence of gallstones may cause more gallstones to develop. Other factors that contribute to the formation of gallstones, particularly cholesterol stones, include
Sex. Women are twice as likely as men to develop gallstones. Excess estrogen from pregnancy, hormone replacement therapy, and birth control pills appears to increase cholesterol levels in bile and decrease gallbladder movement, which can lead to gallstones.
Family history. Gallstones often run in families, pointing to a possible genetic link.
Weight. A large clinical study showed that being even moderately overweight increases the risk for developing gallstones. The most likely reason is that the amount of bile salts in bile is reduced, resulting in more cholesterol. Increased cholesterol reduces gallbladder emptying. Obesity is a major risk factor for gallstones, especially in women.
Diet. Diets high in fat and cholesterol and low in fiber increase the risk of gallstones due to increased cholesterol in the bile and reduced gallbladder emptying.
Rapid weight loss. As the body metabolizes fat during prolonged fasting and rapid weight loss—such as “crash diets”—the liver secretes extra cholesterol into bile, which can cause gallstones. In addition, the gallbladder does not empty properly.
Age. People older than age 60 are more likely to develop gallstones than younger people. As people age, the body tends to secrete more cholesterol into bile.
Ethnicity. American Indians have a genetic predisposition to secrete high levels of cholesterol in bile. In fact, they have the highest rate of gallstones in the United States. The majority of American Indian men have gallstones by age 60. Among the Pima Indians of Arizona, 70 percent of women have gallstones by age 30. Mexican American men and women of all ages also have high rates of gallstones.
Cholesterol-lowering drugs. Drugs that lower cholesterol levels in the blood actually increase the amount of cholesterol secreted into bile. In turn, the risk of gallstones increases.
Diabetes. People with diabetes generally have high levels of fatty acids called triglycerides. These fatty acids may increase the risk of gallstones.

 Symptoms of Gallstones:
As gallstones move into the bile ducts and create blockage, pressure increases in the gallbladder and one or more symptoms may occur. Symptoms of blocked bile ducts are often called a gallbladder “attack” because they occur suddenly. Gallbladder attacks often follow fatty meals, and they may occur during the night. A typical attack can cause
steady pain in the right upper abdomen that increases rapidly and lasts from 30 minutes to several hours
pain in the back between the shoulder blades
pain under the right shoulder
Notify your doctor if you think you have experienced a gallbladder attack. Although these attacks often pass as gallstones move, your gallbladder can become infected and rupture if a blockage remains.
People with any of the following symptoms should see a doctor immediately:
prolonged pain—more than 5 hours
nausea and vomiting
fever—even low-grade—or chills
yellowish color of the skin or whites of the eyes
clay-colored stools
Many people with gallstones have no symptoms; these gallstones are called “silent stones.” They do not interfere with gallbladder, liver, or pancreas function and do not need treatment.

Homeopathic Treatment

Berberis Vulgaris:
This homeopathic remedy may be indicated when the individual experiences stitching pains radiating from the area of the gallbladder in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen to the stomach, shoulder and even into the kidneys, according to the University of Michigan Health System. Sharp pains may be felt in the low back and standing makes them worse.


Lycopodium
Lycopodium may be indicated when the pains start in the right side of the abdomen and move to the left side, according to the "Synoptic Materia Medica." The pains may be accompanied by loud belching, gas, rumbling in the stomach and abdomen, nausea and vomiting. Additional indications for taking this remedy are the desire for very warm food and drinks, which make the pains feel better during eating and drinking; or from waking in the nighttime with burning pains in the chest extending to the throat.


Colocynthis
Colocynthis is indicated in cases of gallstone colic when there is a great deal of cramping in the abdomen, which is made better by firm pressure or when the person bends forward, according to Dr. William Boericke in the "Materia Medica and Repertory." Other indications pointing to this remedy are when the gallstone colic onset occurs during or after the person has been very angry


Calcarea carbonica:

 When a person needing this remedy has gallbladder problems, the abdomen may feel swollen on the right and be very sensitive to pressure, with cutting pains that extend to the chest and are worse from stooping, The person feels worse from standing, worse from exertion, and better from lying on the painful side. Calcarea carbonica is often indicated for people who tire easily, feel cold and sluggish with clammy hands and feet, crave sweets, and tend to feel anxious and overwhelmed when ill.


Chelidonium majus:
 This remedy is often indicated when pain extends to the back, right shoulder, and shoulder-blade. The abdomen is distended, with a constricting feeling as if a string were pulled across it. Pain is worse from motion, and lying on the left with the legs drawn up may help. The person may feel nauseous, especially after eating fat or drinking something cold (warm drinks stay down more easily). The person may feel tired, worse from being cold, and worse in the early morning.


Dioscorea
This remedy is indicated when abdominal pain from gallstones is relieved by bending backward, and is worse when the person is bending forward or lying flat. Standing up and moving around in open air can also bring improvement. Pains can spread to the back, chest, and arms, or may shift around. The person tends to feel worse in the evening and at night, and also when lying down.


Nux vomica: 

                                      Lower Back Pain

Lower Back Pain is a common problem in the present day world with chair work involving most people. You can prevent back pain or lessen it. Simple home treatment and proper body mechanics will often heal your back ache in a few weeks and keepit pain free.Surgery is rarely needed to treat back pain

Symptoms. The following is guide to show that you might be having or heading towards varicose veins:-

1. Muscles pain.
2. You find it difficult to stand upright with your back straight.
3. The pain may be shooting or stabbing.
4. The pain may extend down your your legs.
5. You cannot move your back easily, showing it is lacking flexibility.
6. The following is guide to show that you might be having or heading towards varicose veins:-
   Muscles pain.
   You find it difficult to stand upright with your back straight.
   The pain may be shooting or stabbing.
   The pain may extend down your your legs.
   You cannot move your back easily, showing it is lacking flexibility.
   Causes of Back Pain. The back comprises bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons and disks. Disks are the cartilage-like pads that act as cushions between the segments of your spine. Back pain can arise from problems with any of these component parts. In a few cases specific reason may not be there.
7. It occurs mostly due to
   Trying to move your body suddely when your body is in an awkward position
   Lifting heavy weights.
   Back muscles and joint ligaments being strained.

Causes of Back Pain.
Lower Back Pain is a common problem in the present day world with chair work involving most people. You can prevent back pain or lessen it. Simple home treatment and proper body mechanics will often heal your back ache in a few weeks and keepit pain free.Surgery is rarely needed to treat back pain
Symptoms. The following is guide to show that you might be having or heading towards varicose veins:-
Muscles pain.
You find it difficult to stand upright with your back straight.
The pain may be shooting or stabbing.
The pain may extend down your your legs.
You cannot move your back easily, showing it is lacking flexibility.
Causes of Back Pain. The back comprises bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons and disks. Disks are the cartilage-like pads that act as cushions between the segments of your spine. Back pain can arise from problems with any of these component parts. In a few cases specific reason may not be there.
It occurs mostly due to
Trying to move your body suddely when your body is in an awkward position
Lifting heavy weights.
Back muscles and joint ligaments being strained.
The back comprises bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons and disks. Disks are the cartilage-like pads that act as cushions between the segments of your spine. Back pain can arise from problems with any of these component parts. In a few cases specific reason may not be there.

It occurs mostly due to

1. Trying to move your body suddely when your body is in an awkward position
2. Lifting heavy weights.
3. Back muscles and joint ligaments being strained.

Homeopathy Treatment :-

 Rhus tox. – Muscular pain, when pain is relieved by walking and worse at rest or at first motion. There is marked stiffness and warm application gives relief.
Brynoia alba. – When the pain is worse on every movement and better by absolute rest and pressure.
Hypericum – Excellent remedy for nerve pain especially after surgery or injury.
Colocynthis- Pain in the back is so severe that makes patient unable to walk or stand which finally settles down on the upper part of the thigh and buttock. Bending forward often ameliorates.
Kali carb. – Lumbosacral backache, pain goes down the back to the legs. Pains, stitching, darting, worse during rest and lying on affected side. Backache and weakness after abortion, labor or profuse menses; while walking feels as if she must give up and lie down.
Nux vomica - Backache due to chill, which aggravate in the morning and better from heat. Especially suited to people working for long hours in an air-conditioned office and sitting in a chair for long periods. Irritability is often increased.
Arnica mont. – Acute pain after an injury along with sore bruised feeling. Slight touch aggravates.
Actea racemosa - Pain in the muscles with intense restlessness and sleeplessness. It is particularly applicable in rheumatism affecting the bellies of the muscles. Another use of this remedy is in the condition known as spinal irritation, it is indicated when upper and lower cervical vertebrae, particularly latter, are sensitive to pressure
Gnaphalium. – Sharp cutting pain in anterior cervical nerve, aggravation on lying down and relieved when sitting.
Aesculus hip. – For persons with haemorrhoidal tendencies, and who suffer with gastric, bilious or catarrhal troubles. Severe dull backache in lumbo-sacral articulation; more or less constant; affecting sacrum and hips. Back “gives out” during pregnancy, prolapsus, leucorrhoea; when walking or stooping; must sit or lie down. Sensation of heaviness and lameness in back. Paralytic feeling in arms, legs and spine.
 

                                                  Itch

(Latin: pruritus) is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch. Itch has resisted many attempts to classify it as any one type of sensory experience. Modern science has shown that itch has many similarities to pain, and while both are unpleasant sensory experiences, their behavioral response patterns are different. Pain creates a withdrawal reflex while itch leads to a scratch reflex.Unmyelinated nerve fibers for itch and pain both originate in the skin; however, information for them is conveyed centrally in two distinct systems that both use the same nerve bundle and spinothalamic
 

Causes :Scabies is one cause of itching.
Swimmer's itch
Athlete's footInfections and infestations:
Allergic reaction to contact with specific chemicals, such as urushiol, derived from poison ivy or poison oak.
Body louse. Body lice can be seen in substandard living conditions.
Cutaneous larva migrans.
Head lice, if limited to the neck and scalp.
Herpes.Insect bites, such as those from mosquitos or chiggers.
Photodermatitis – (sun)light reacts with chemicals in the skin, leading to the formation of irritant metabolites.
Pubic lice, if limited to the genital area.
Scabies especially when several other persons in close contact also itch.
Shaving, which may irritate the skin.
Swimmer's itch
Varicella (Chickenpox) Most common in young children. Highly contagious.
Environmental and allergic:
Urticaria (also called hives) usually causes itching.
Dermatological disorders:
Dandruff. (An unusually large amount of flaking is associated with this sensation.)
Scab healing; scar growth; and the development or emergence of moles, pimples and ingrown hairs from below the epidermis.
Skin conditions (such as psoriasis, eczema, sunburn, athlete's foot, hidradenitis suppurativa and many others). Most are of an inflammatory nature.
Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma.
Xerosis (dry skin). This is the most common cause,[citation needed] frequently seen in the winter and also associated with older age, frequent bathing in hot showers or baths, and high-temperature and low-humidity environments.
Medical disorders:
Diabetes Mellitus.
Hyperparathyroidism.     
Iron deficiency anemia.
Jaundice and Cholestasis. (Bilirubin is a skin irritant at high concentrations.)
Malignancy or internal cancer such as lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease.[16]
Menopause or changes in hormonal balances associated with aging.
Polycythemia, which can cause generalized itching due to increased histamine.
Thyroid illness.
Uraemia.

Homeopathic Treatment!!

Anacardium orientale: This remedy is often helpful for rashes that come from poison oak, or other kinds of contact dermatitis. An intensely itching rash with swelling and fluid-filled blisters may appear. Itching is worse from applying heat or contact with hot water.

Apis: When a rash is the result of an allergic reaction and takes the form of hives, or if a rash is very pink and swollen with burning or stinging pain, this remedy may be useful. Discomfort and swelling are relieved by cold applications.

Belladonna: This remedy is useful for conditions with sudden onset that are hot, bright red, and throbbing. Rash may be accompanied by fever.

Bryonia: A bumpy, hot, and dry rash may respond to this remedy. Discomfort may be worse from heat and touch, although applying pressure or lying on the affected side often soothes the itching. If illness accompanies the rash, the person wants to lie completely still and be left alone.

Graphites: Rashes with eruptions that ooze a sticky golden fluid, then crust over, may be relieved with this remedy. Itching is worse from warmth and worse at night.

Ledum palustre: This remedy is indicated for a puffy and swollen rash. Both the swelling and the itching are relieved by cold applications.

Natrum muriaticum: This remedy is often helpful to people with chronic rashes at the margin of the scalp or in the bends of the knees and elbows. The skin is oily in most areas, but the rash looks dry and scaly. Itching is often worse from physical exertion and the person may feel worse from being in the sun. Natrum muriaticum can also help if hives break out during emotional stress, especially grief or romantic disappointment. A person who needs this remedy often has a tendency toward herpes.

Rhus toxicodendron: A blistery rash that burns and itches intensely, and is much improved by applying heat or bathing in hot water, may be relieved by this remedy. The person usually is very restless, wanting to pace or constantly move around.

Sepia: Dry skin with a scaly reddish or brownish rash suggests a need for this remedy. The person may be chilly and better from keeping warm—but getting too warm under covers or clothing, and especially sweating, makes the itching worse.

Sulphur: Red, irritated, itchy, burning rashes that are aggravated by heat and washing may respond to this remedy. The touch of clothing, especially wool, can cause a rash or make it worse. Scratching seems irresistible, but disrupts and irritates the skin. Eruptions may be dry and scaly, or moist and infection-prone.

Urtica urens: Eruptions that resemble nettle-rash, with blotches that sting and burn intensely, may be soothed by this remedy. Scratching makes the symptoms worse. Applying cold or water may aggravate the condition. Rashes that come out from eating shellfish, from being overheated, or along with rheumatism often bring this remedy to mind

                                         :-Warts:-  

Warts: warts are small, usually painless growths on the skin caused by a virus called human papillomavirus (HPV). Most, but not all, are generally harmless.
Warts can be disfiguring and embarrassing. Sometimes they itch or hurt (particularly on the feet). Some warts spread through sex.

 

 Types of common warts:  Different types of warts include:


Common warts usually appear on the hands, but can appear anywhere. They usually do not cause pain unless they are repeated rubbed against.

Flat warts are generally found on the face and forehead. They are common in children, less common in teens, and rare in adults.

Genital warts(condyloma) are usually found on the genitals, in the pubic area, and in the area between the thighs, but they can also appear inside the vagina and anal canal.

Plantar warts are found on the soles of the feet. They can be very painful. Many of them on the foot may cause difficulty walking or running.

Subungual and periungual warts appear under and around the fingernails or toenails.



Symptoms
The typical wart is a raised round or oval growth on the skin with a rough surface.

The spot may be lighter, darker, or black (rare) colored compared to other skin.

Some warts have smooth or flat surfaces.

Some warts cause pain, others do not.

causes:

Warts are caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). There are about 130 known types of human papilloma viruses. HPV infects the squamous epithelium, usually of the skin or genitals, but each HPV type is typically only able to infect a few specific areas on the body. Many HPV types can produce a benign growth, often called a "wart" or "papilloma", in the area they infect. Many of the more common HPV and wart types are as follows:
Common warts - HPV types 2 and 4 (most common); also types 1, 3, 26, 29, and 57 and others.
Cancers and Genital dysplasia - "high-risk" HPV types are associated with cancers, (cervical cancer and can also cause some vulvar, vaginal, penile, anal[7] and some oropharyngeal cancers. "low-risk" types are associated with warts or other conditions.
High-risk: 16, 18 (cause the most cervical cancer); also 58, 33, 45, 31, 52, 35, 39, 59, and others.
Plantar warts (myrmecia) - HPV type 1 (most common); also types 2, 3, 4, 27, 28, and 58 and others.
Anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata or venereal warts) - HPV types 6 and 11 (most common); also types 42, 44 and others.[10]
Low-risk: 6, 11 (most common); also 13, 44, 40, 43, 42, 54, 61, 72, 81, 89, and others.
Flat warts - HPV types 3, 10, and 28.
Butcher's warts - HPV type 7.
Heck's disease (Focal epithelial hyperplasia) - HPV types 13 and 32.

Homeopathic Treatment :

ANTIM. CRUD:
It is the leading remedy for warts, and has great practical use in homoeopathy. The warts are situated especially on hands; they are hard, horny, soft or smooth, which characteristic stinging pain. Warts are surrounded by circle of ulcers. Warts tend to develop which are pron to pressure and friction, especially suited to individuals who have tendency to grow fat. Warts develop in individuals who have suppression of eruption or ulcers.
Horny excrescences. smooth warts, often soft. Ulcers breaking out around a wart. Tendency to grow fat. Worse warm weather - heat of sun. children can't bear to be touched or looked at. Feels as if he had eaten too much. Heartburn with good appetite. Characteristic - while coated tongue.
                For children and young people inclined to grow fat; for the extremes of life. Old  people with morning diarrhea, suddenly become constipated, or alternate diarrhea   and constipation; pulse hard and rapid. Sensitive to the cold < after taking cold.

BELLADONA:
It plays a very useful role whenever warts are inflamed with burning pain. They are hot & tender to touch with characteristic throbbing pain.
             Adapted to bilious, lymphatic, plethoric constitutions; persons who are lively and entertaining when well, but violent and often delirious when sick.

CALC. CARB.
Warts are present on face, neck & upper extremities, male genitalia, canthi, fingers. They are black & fleshy, hard & horny, sometimes inflamed & painful; the warts tend to suppurate. Giving an odour of stale cheese. The skin is icy cold to touch with cold & profuse perspiration. Development of warts in patient having history of suppression of eruption & perspiration. Development of warts in individual with scrofoulous diathesis with faulty development of bones. It has a typical physically constitution, i.e. fat, flabby, fair, perspiring, cold & damp.
     Warts : round, soft at base, almost the colour of skin; upper surface hard, rough, whitish, horny. Wart appears, itches, bleeds & disappears. Warts : inflamed; stinging; suppurating; form ulcers. Warts thickly studding mouths of sheep. Calc. suits phlegmatic people; large head & features; pale skin & chalky look. Better dry weather, from being touched. Worse milk: from suppressed perspiration.
    Leucophlegmatic, blond hair, light complexion, blue eyes, fair skin; tendency to obesity in youth. Psoric constitutions; pale, weak, timid, easily tired when walking.  Disposed to grow fat, corpulent, unwieldy.

CAUSTICUM:
Warts are present on nose, eyebrows, face, lips, near the nail, tips of fingers, upper limbs. They are large, horny, broad, fat & hard, moist and pedenculated. They tend to bleed easily. They are also prone to easy suppuration. Warts are present in individual after suppressed eruptions.
           Large, jagged, often pedunculated warts exuding moisture and bleeding easily. Small, non-pedunculated warts all over the body internal & external, and on eyelids. In caust., injuries which had healed become sore again. Years ago there was an epidermic of warts on calves at a little farm - cured by causticum. Caust. is worse cold, dry weather, in clear, fine weather. Better damp & wet weather.
   Adapted to persons with dark hair and  rigid fibre; weakly, psoric, with excessively  yellow, sallow complexion; subject to affections of respiratory  and  urinary  tracts.

DULCAMARA:
Warts are present on face, hands, fingers, close to nail; the warts are smooth, hard; they usually comes in crops; they always tend to aggravate when skin is washed with cold water.
                  In black type we find : warts, fleshy or large, smooth on dorsum of hands and on face. Dulc. is one of our very great skin medicines. Typical dulc. is worse from exposure to damp cold weather or air - a cellar or dairy. A few years ago, dulc. cured for a patient a big wart on right lower lids, not easy to see over. Big warts on face can be very trying, yet, with 'the remedy', they just drop off. Dulc. in one's mind, stands especially for warts & for umbilicalpain or eruptions.
        Aggravation of sufferings, chiefly in the evening or at night, an during repose, better  by movement. Pains with coldness of the body.

NAT-MUR.
The warts especially situated on palms, hands & knuckles. There is a cutting pain in wart, the look of the skin is oily, dry, harsh, unhealthy or yellow. Tendency to develop warts in individual after cautery with silver nitrate.
For the anaemic and cachectic, whether from lots of vital fluids- profuse menses,  seminal losses- or mental affections. Great emaciation; losing flesh while living well. Throat and neck of children emaciate rapidly during summer complaint. Great liability to take cold. Irritability: child cross when spoken to; crying from slightest   cause; gets into a passion about trifles, especially when consoled with. Awkward ,  hasty, drops things from nervous weakness. Marked disposition to weep; sad weeping  mood, without cause, but consolation from others <. her troubles.

NIT. ACID:
The warts appear on female genitals, anus, cervical region inside nose, external throat, sternum, eyelids, canthi. They usually develop after abuse of mercury. The following are the characteristics : moist, cauliflower like, hard, rhagadic, large, indented, inflamed, pricking pain < night. They emit foetid discharge, they bleed on touch.
Warts : sticking & pricking : on upper lip. Smart & bleed on washing; painful to touch. Soft with thin epidermis and moist: large, jagged, often pedunculated, exuding moisture & bleeding readily : condylomata, etc. splinter - sensations anywhere. Worse : touch, jar, cold at night.

SILICEA:
The warts are situated on throat, upper limb, back and forearm. They are large, fleshy & suppurating. They are painful to touch. Development of warts in individual with scrofulous diathesis. The patient is keenly sensitive to noise, pain and cold.
         Adapted to the nervous, irritable, sanguine temperament; persons of a psoric  diathesis. Persons of light complexion; fine dry skin; pale face; weakly, with lax muscles. Constitutions which suffer from deficient nutrition, not because food is lacking in  quality or quantity, but from imperfect assimilation; oversensitive, physically and mentally.

Warts are situated on face, near eyelids, on upper lip. Warts covered with thin epidermis. The appearance of the skin is dry, rough, wringled and scaly. Warts alternate with other complaints. Suppression of warts leads to asthma.
Callous warts; especially around the fingers. Itching eruptions, or itching skin; 'feels so good to scratch.' Fantastic illusions : everything seems beautiful : as an old rag or stick. Redness about anus- red eyelids. Perspiration of single parts : of back part of body. Flushes of heat. Heaviness, abdomen; as if it needs to be bandaged or supported. Sulphur sometimes feels small, sometimes largs.
              Adapted to persons of a scrofulous diathesis, subject to venous congestion; especially of portal system. Persons of nervous temperament, quick motioned, quick tempered,  plethoric, skin excessively sensitive to atmospheric changes. For lean, stoop-shouldered persons who walk and sit stooping like old men. Standing is the worst position for sulphur patients; they cannot stand; every standing position is uncomfortable. Dirty, filthy people, prone to skin affections. Aversion to being washed; always <. after a bath. Too lazy to rouse himself; too unhappy to live.

Thuja occ:
Warts are situated on back, cervical region, upper limb, face, nose, eyebrows, eyes, eyelids, external throat. They are broad, conical, flat pedunculated, indented, fan shaped in appearance. They are reddish in colour, bleed easily. The warts have a tendency to split from their edge or from the surface.
                      Warts on any part of body, with little necks called fig warts; tubular warts; i.e. long warts of the same size all the way out. Wart-like excrescences on back of hand, on chin and other places. Warts and condylomata, large, seedy & pedunculated; sometimes oozing & bleeding readily. Effects of vaccaination. Dreams of the dead : of falling.
          Adapted to hydrogenoid constitution of  Grauvogl. Acts well in lymphatic temperament, in very fleshy persons, dark complexion, black hair unhealthy skin.  Ailments from bad effects of vaccination; from suppressed or maltreated gonorrhoea. Fixed ideas: as if a strange person were at his side; as if soul and body were separated;  as if a living animal were in abdomen; of being under the influence of a superior power.

                                             Leucoderma 

Leucoderma is a chronic disorder of the skin where the skin stops producing pigments that color the skin. As a result white patches appear randomly at different locations on the skin. These patches are white in color and as time passes may increase in number and size. Leucoderma is not a medical term. It is only a substitute name for vitiligo. Vitiligo is a more common name for this disease in the west where as in Asia leucoderma is used more.

The Skin is colored in different shades of brown due to a pigment called melanin.Special cells called melanocytes are responsible for the production of melanin. Sometimes, for reasons dubious, the melanocytes stop producing melanin which results in white skin patches.

There are many explanations as to why this happens but none of these explanations has been proven to be the right one. This also explains why there is no confirmed cure for leucoderma. Even after extensive scientific research, the treatments of leucoderma are still very scarce and have not been proven to work for a majority of people. The best patients can do is hide these marks with colored creams but it is to be noted, this only hides these marks and doesn't stop more patches of white skin from appearing. There is no explanation as to the location of these patches of skin. Also, a question that may rise is why only patches appear and not the whole body is affected. For this too there is no proven explanation.
About 0.5% to 2% of the worlds population currently suffer from leucoderma. Leucoderma is not a contagiuos disease so there is no way a person can have leucoderma just by being around another person having it. Even though this is a proven fact, patients suffering from leucoderma often aren't accepted well in the social world. This often results in the patients suffering from depressive disorders.
 
Causes:
As mentioned above, the reason for leucoderma is still not very clear. However some theories are present and are as follows The first and most supported theory is autoimmune. In this case, the bodies self defense mechanism mistakes the melanocytes as foreign particles and destroys them thus putting melanin production to a halt. There is evidence that points towards this theory and tests are being carried out to determine if this is accurate and how to stop this.

The second theory suggests that the oxidant-antioxidant system of the body is, for an unknown reason, disturbed resulting in loss of melanocytes. A third theory is more based on statistical data than research. Statistics suggest that if a parent has leucoderma, his/her child will have a higher risk of having leucoderma than the rest of the population. So this theory suggests that a genetic factor is present in the causes of this disease. A fourth theory suggests that leucoderma is a direct cause of nerve damage. This can also be true as in a type of leucoderma called as segmental vitiligo, the areas of skin affected are often the areas in contact with the dorsal root of the spinal chord.
Symptoms of Leucoderma may include loss of hair, premature graying of hair and white patches. The whiteness generally appears as a small discolored white/pale or brown spot that later spreads in size. The spots become whiter day-after-day and finally become milky white. There might be general weakness and lassitude and a victim may have sensitivity towards cold. The patches or marks can be caused due to plenty of reasons; the most common among them are worm infestation and/or calcium deficiencies. These patches may produce lot of psychological stress in the victim.
 
The most notable symptom of vitiligo is depigmentation of patches of skin that occurs on the extremities. Although patches are initially small, they often enlarge and change shape. When skin lesions occur, they are most prominent on the face, hands and wrists.Depigmentation is particularly noticeable around body orifices, such as the mouth, eyes, nostrils, genitalia and umbilicus. Some lesions have hyperpigmentation around the edges. Patients who are stigmatised for their condition may experience depression and similar mood disorders.


Kali Carbonicum:
Potassium carbonate undergoes the process of potentization to evolve into a powerful deep acting homeopathic remedy called Kali Carb. Kali carb is a polycrest drug i.e. having effects on multiple organs and systems in the body. It has a broad sphere of action and is useful for a wide range of diseases.
                           Kali Carbonicum positively influences lungs, digestive system, heart, liver, kidney, female reproductive system, skin, etc. Kali Carbonicum does wonders in cases of asthma, bronchitis, tuberculosis, pneumonia, hydrothorax, etc. It is one of the commonly used medicines for vitiligo, warts, eczema, urticaria, hair loss, trigeminal neuralgia, sciatica and low backache, hypothyroidism, heavy menstrual bleeding, etc. It is also useful for complaints of digestive system like acidity, piles, jaundice, gastritis, etc. On the mental sphere, it tackles anxiety states very efficiently and is used for the treatment of the effects of stress on the body.

Silicea (Silica):
It is one of the splendid acts of homeopathy that substances labeled as inert can also be used efficiently to treat a large variety of disorders. Silica is the example of one such substance, which is chemically inert in its natural form, but after undergoing the process of potentization it gets transformed into a wonderful, deep acting remedy. Silica is in true sense called as polycrest remedy as it has a broad spectrum of action, useful for a wide range of disease processes. In fact this remedy has helped Homeopaths world over to treat so-called surgical conditions gently without requiring knife.
                           Silica positively influences bones and joints, mucous membranes, skin, cellular tissue, nerves, glands, lungs, digestive system, etc. Silica is one of the frequently used medicines for complaints of vitiligo, eczema, lichen planus, herpes, urticaria, asthmatic bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, styes and chalazion, trigeminal neuralgia, complaints of nails, tonsillitis, etc. Patients requiring silica usually have tendency of easy suppuration of skin injuries. Silica positively influences nutrition as well and hence its one of the prominent remedies used for rickets in children.

Arsenicum Sulfuratum Flavum:
This is one of the specific remedies used for the treatment of vitiligo in homeopathy. It has discoloration of the skin in blotches that are pale or white in color. It is also a good remedy for eczematous lesions which are moist and have intense itching with corrosive discharge. Pyoderma and urticaria also find a solution through this drug.
Its sphere of action also extends to catarrhal affections and asthmatic states. A deep acting drug which has been known to give good results in Leucoderma (vitiligo).

Syphillinum:
Syphilinum belongs to a group of homeopathic drugs called as Nosodes which are prepared from disease products or diseased tissues. The remedy prescribed does not contain the original drug substance in the material form but it contains only the dynamic curative powers of that substance. This is achieved through the process of potentization in homeopathy. Syphillinum is a deep acting, polycrest remedy affecting multiple systems of the body.
       It positively influences the mind, sensorium, skin, gastrointestinal tract, genito-urinary system, nerves, bones, etc. It is a very helpful remedy to combat hereditary syphilitic tendencies in patients.
           Syphillinum is frequently used in the homeopathic treatment of vitiligo, recurrent abscesses, osteomyelitis, trigeminal neuralgia, alcohol dependence, rheumatic complaints, etc. It's a useful drug to combat diseases that are destructive in nature and are deep-seated.

Nitricum acidum:
As the name suggests, this drug is prepared from nitric acid. It must be remembered that the remedy does not contain the original drug substance in its material form but it contains only the dynamic powers of the drug which are released after it undergoes the process of potentization.
                  Nitricum acidum is a deep acting, constitutional remedy which positively influences the gastrointestinal tract, nerves, glands, skin, bones, etc.
Its one of the commonly used drugs for vitiligo, warts, ulcers, fissures, gastritis, hemorrhoids, bony and rheumatic affections, malignancy, cachexia, etc.

Carcinosin:
It's the beauty of the homeopathic system of medicine to be able to use not only plants, animal products and minerals but also certain disease products and diseased tissue for curing various ailments of patients. These are called as Nosodes. Here is a remedy prepared from the material derived from the carcinoma of the breast. It must be borne in mind that the actual medicine does not contain any part of the original substance in the material form. Only the dynamic powers of the original drug substance are present in the final medicine.
Carcinosin is a deep acting constitutional drug having many indications and a very broad spectrum of action. It is useful for a wide range of disease processes, all of them cannot be described here, but a few of them are discussed here. It positively influences mind, lungs, heart, eyes, skin, bones and joints, nerves, etc. It is one of the commonly used medicines for diseases like vitiligo, urticaria, lichen planus, styes and chalazion, hair loss, asthma, insomnia, trigeminal neuralgia, etc. Homeopathy believes that the genetic predisposition or inherent susceptibility is usually the root cause of a wide range of diseases and Carcinosin in one such remedy which is used to combat these genetic tendencies effectively.

Hydrocotyle Asiatica:
This is a remedy that is prepared from the plant called Indian Pennywort. The tincture from the whole fresh plant is used for the preparation of this remedy. After undergoing the process of Potentization, the curative powers of this remedy are brought forth.
                    This is one of the very good remedies for vitiligo. It is supposed to stimulate the process of pigmentation. It is also beneficial in other skin problems such as psoriasis, lupus, leprosy, acne and other disorders of the skin in which there is much exfoliation of the skin.This medicine is often prescribed in combination with a constitutional medicine or other deeper acting medicine to get the best effect.



Natrum Muriaticum:
Natrum Muriaticum is an interesting example of homeopathic medicine prepared from a common food substance, the common salt, sodium chloride. As a rule, the common salt undergoes a special procedure called potentization, whereby its inner healing power is activated to make it available for healing. Constitutionally, this medicine has a broad spectrum of action, and is useful for a wide range of disease processes affecting the skin, gastrointestinal organs, nose, lungs, kidney, metabolism, muscles, head, hormonal system, etc. It is one of the commonly used remedies for hair loss, fissures-in-ano, urticaria, migraine, eczema, lichen planus, vitiligo, asthma, etc. Natrum muriaticum is frequently prescribed in cases of vitiligo and is one of the very good remedies for the same.


Phosphorus:
This is a wonderful remedy prepared by the potentization of inorganic phosphorus. After undergoing the process of potentization, the latent healing powers of this drug are brought to surface and it proves to be a wonderful remedy capable of curing a wide range of diseases.
                 Phosphorus predominantly acts on the skin, gastrointestinal tract, hepato-biliary system, blood, kidneys, bones, lungs, nervous tissue, etc. It is frequently used in the homeopathic treatment of vitiligo, hairloss, nephrotic syndrome, hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemorrhagic tendencies, respiratory infections, osteomyelitis, paralytic symptoms, etc.
                    Few of its common skin symptoms are: Loss of pigmentation in spots, white discoloration of the skin. It is also used for skin disorders where the patient has much itching and burning of the skin; in urticaria, psoriasis. It is also a good drug for hemorrhagic spots occurring on the skin at various places.

Thuja occidentalis:
This is a drug prepared from a plant Thuja Occidentalis commonly known as Arbor Vitae. This is another deep acting remedy with a wide sphere of action. It has profound action on skin, genito-urinary organs, joints, nervous system, glands, kidneys, blood, etc. Good for inveterate skin troubles and chronic stubborn skin conditions like vitiligo. Tendency to have unhealthy skin in general. It is a good drug not only for physical complaints but also for affection of the mind. For example it can be very useful in psychotic states, anxiety disorders, depression, etc. Genetic, auto-immune and hormonal factors associated with vitiligo may call for the use of this remedy. In general good for chronic diseases which have been neglected for a long time and have therefore grown deeper into the system. These patients are better in dry weather and worse from humid climate and damp conditions. Some doses of Thuja occidentalis helps enhance the speed of recovery in many cases of vitiligo

                                             Chickenpox

Chickenpoxis a very contagious disease caused by a type of herpesvirus called the varicella zoster virus. Chickenpox affects the skin with the typical red, blister-like rash. Chickenpox is preventable through chickenpox vaccination and has become less common since the introduction of the chickenpox vaccine. In some cases, chickenpox can be serious and result in complications.
The chickenpox virus spreads from person to person when someone with the disease talks, coughs or sneezes. This shoots droplets contaminated with the varicella zoster virus into the air where they can be breathed in by others. Chickenpox can also be transmitted by touching the fluids from the chickenpox rash. The varicella zoster virus is extremely contagious. People at risk for getting chickenpox include anyone who has not been vaccinated for the disease and is exposed to a person with the disease



symptom:-
Symptoms of chickenpox affect the skin, as well as the lining of the throat and mouth. The classic symptom of chickenpox is the appearance of a red rash that contains fluid-filled blisters. The rash first appears on the trunk and generally spreads to the face, arms and legs. The rash can also spread to the genitals and scalp and develop the insides of the mouth nose and ears. The rash is very itchy. Excessive scratching can lead to the complication of a bacterial infection of the rash and cellulitis. Scratching can also cause scarring.
Related Chickenpox InfoRelated Pages1.Chickenpox: Introduction
2.Symptoms Overview
3.List of Symptoms of Chickenpox
4.Tests to Confirm Diagnosis
5.Home Diagnostic Testing
6.Alternative Diagnoses
7.Misdiagnosis information
8.Complications
9.More about Symptoms
10.Article Excerpts
11.Medical articles
Other symptoms of chickenpox may include a fever, abdominal pain, and malaise.
The blisters of the chickenpox rash break open after a few days and dry out and crust over to form scabs. Once scabs have formed, chickenpox is no longer contagious.
In rare cases, having chickenpox can break down the body's defenses and strength and lead to such complications as pneumonia, encephalitis and skin infections. Symptoms of these complications include fever, cough, headache, and change in level of consciousness. Newborn infants, pregnant women, and people with compromised immune system are at a higher risk for developing serious complications of chickenpox. There are also possible complications for unborn babies whose mother contract chickenpox during pregnancy. These include birth defects

Antimonium crudum: A child who needs this remedy usually is irritable and may object to being touched or looked at. The eruptions are sore, and touching them may bring on shooting pains.

Apis mellifica: When this remedy is indicated, the skin around the eruptions is pink and puffy and very itchy, with stinging pains. The eyelids may also be swollen. The person feels worse from warmth, is irritable, and usually is not thirsty.

Belladonna: This remedy is indicated when a child is hot and feverish, with a red flushed face, and eyes that are sensitive to light. A pounding headache may be felt, accompanied by either restlessness or drowsiness. The rash usually is red, with a feeling of heat and throbbing.

Bryonia: When fever persists for several days during chicken pox, and a dry nagging cough develops, this remedy may be useful. The person’s mouth is dry, with thirst for long cold drinks. The person may be very grumpy, feel worse from motion, and dislike being interfered with in any way.

Mercurius solubilis: This remedy may be indicated if eruptions are large and become infected. The child is very sensitive to temperature changes and feels worse at night. Perspiration and drooling during sleep, swollen lymph nodes, and offensive breath are strong indications for Mercurius.

Pulsatilla: A child who needs this remedy is often sweet and tearful when ill and wants a lot of attention and comforting. Itching and other discomforts are worse from warmth and in stuffy rooms, and improved by cool fresh air. The person is rarely thirsty, even during fever.

Rhus toxicodendron: This remedy is useful in cases of chicken pox with tremendous itching that is worse from scratching and relieved by warm baths or applying heat. The child may be very restless, both physically and mentally. The eyes may become inflamed and sticky. Muscles can ache and feel very stiff, also relieved by warmth and gentle motion. (Some homeopathic physicians recommend Rhus tox to people who have been exposed to chicken pox, to help prevent infection.)

Sulphur: If itching is so severe that the person finds it impossible to keep from scratching—or if eruptions have a nagging, burning pain—this remedy may bring relief. The symptoms (and the person) become worse from warmth and aggravated after bathing. Both heat and chills are felt during fever. The person may feel drowsy in the afternoon and restless and hot at night.

Urtica urens: Eruptions with stinging, burning pain and itching may be relieved by this remedy. Symptoms are aggravated by exertion and from overheating
Antimonium tartaricum: This remedy may be indicated when eruptions are large and slow to emerge. The child feels sweaty, fussy, and may be nauseous with a white-coated tongue. If chest congestion with a rattling cough develops, or a bubbly sound on breathing, Antimonium tart is likely to be the appropriate remedy.